Abstract: Applications of the relevant item detection in the biological fields (including body fluids, microbial cell metabolites, microbial cell culture medium, food brewing and fermentation, and animal and plant samples) and the pharmaceutical fields (including chemical medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine, aminoglycoside antibiotic, excipient, other inactive formula, packaging material and wastewater produced from pharmaceutical process) by ion chromatography were reviewed. The new application of ion chromatography in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 edition) was also introduced (112 ref. cited).