Abstract: In consideration of the shortcomings of chromatography, a common method for cosmetics detection, such as complex sample pre-processing, sample loss, and limited application in cosmetic physical evidence, desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) technology was used to detect different types and grades of cosmetics including hand cream, sunscreen, liquid foundation, and a related mass spectrometry library was established, which was used to identify cosmetics and cosmetics in fingerprints. A spot coating sample was prepared by applying cosmetics onto double-sided tape using a cotton swab. Simulated fingerprint samples were prepared by pressing the double-sided tape or picking up fingerprints from the desktop with the double-sided tape after pressing the fingerprint on the desktop with the fingers coated with cosmetics. In positive ion mode, DESI-MSI technology was used to detect the above-mentioned spot coating samples and simulated fingerprint samples. It was shown that different grades of cosmetics contained different raw materials, and the grade of cosmetics could be distinguished based on the MSI effect of unique ions. Different types of cosmetics had different chemical compositions, and MSI could be used for qualitative analysis of specific ingredients in cosmetics. Genuine and counterfeit products had different chemical compositions, and could be identified for authenticity based on differences in mass spectra and MSI effects of unique ions. Based on the established cosmetics mass spectrometry library, unknown cosmetics could be identified. DESI-MSI technology could achieve the identification of cosmetics in simulated fingerprint samples without being affected by fingerprint integrity and endogenous substances in the fingerprint.