Abstract: Electromembrane extraction (EME), as a novel, user-friendly and highly efficient sample preteartment method, can be applied to the sample pretreatment of complex samples in fields of food detection, drug analysis, environmental monitoring, and biological analysis. By optimizing the acidity of the solution, extraction voltage, extraction time, and composition of the supporting liquid film, the targets can be extracted from various matrix samples in a short period of time. The mass transfer principle and modes of EME were introduced, and the characteristics of EME modes, including hollow fiber, parallel membrane, chip, and gel, were analyzed. The application research of EME of harmful substances in food and the practical application in the rapid extraction of histamine, narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, iatrogenic drugs, polypeptides and metal ions from complex matrices were listed. Membrane materials and combined technology could be further studied in the future(38 ref. cited).