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    阶梯式湿法消解-原子荧光光谱法测定海洋生物体中砷的含量

    Determination of Arsenic in Marine Organisms by Step Wet Digestion-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry

    • 摘要: 为解决现行的海洋生物体中砷的前处理方法(国家标准GB 5009.11—2014和GB 17378.6—2007)中消解温度不明确或较低、不完全消解、测定结果准确度低的问题,提出了题示方法。取0.500~5.000 g生物体样品于100 mL三角锥瓶中,加入16 mL硝酸和4 mL高氯酸的混合液,摇匀后置于电热板上,升温至120 ℃,消解0.5 h,再升温至200 ℃,消解至约1 mL,冷却后,加入3 mL硫酸,升温至300 ℃,消解1 h以上,至约0.5 mL。冷却后,用10%(体积分数)盐酸溶液20 mL于200 ℃加热溶解,直至剩余约10 mL,冷却后,将消解液转移至25 mL比色管中,用水定容。分取5.0 mL置于25 mL比色管中,加入2.5 mL盐酸、2.5 mL硫脲-抗坏血酸溶液(由10 g硫脲和10 g抗坏血酸溶于100 mL水中配制而成),室温放置15 min,用水定容,采用原子荧光光谱法测定其中砷的含量。结果表明:砷的质量浓度在20 μg·L−1以内与对应的荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限(3.143s)为0.006 mg·kg−1。对海洋生物体标准物质平行分析6次,砷的测定平均值均在认定值的不确定度范围内,相对误差为−2.4%~14%。对海洋生物体实际样品进行加标回收试验,回收率为106%~108%;对两种类型的海洋生物体实际样品平行分析6次,测定值的相对标准偏差分别为3.0%,3.8%。将本方法与GB 5009.11—2014中第二法(微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法)进行对比,F检验和t检验结果显示,两种方法无显著性差异。

       

      Abstract: To address the issues of unclear or low digestion temperature, incomplete digestion and low accuracy of determination results in the current pretreatment methods for arsenic in marine organisms (national standards GB 5009.11—2014 and GB 17378.6—2007), the method mentioned by the title was proposed. The biological sample (0.500–5.000 g) was taken and placed in a 100 mL-triangular cone bottle, and a mixture of 16 mL of nitric acid and 4 mL of perchloric acid was added. The mixture was shaken well, and then placed on an electric hot plate. The mixture was heated to 120 ℃ and digested for 0.5 h, and then heated to 200 ℃ and digested to approximately 1 mL. After cooling, 3 mL of sulfuric acid was added, and the mixture was heated to 300 ℃ and digested for more than 1 h, to approximately 0.5 mL. After cooling, the mixture was dissolved in 20 mL of 10% (volume fraction) hydrochloric acid solution at 200 ℃ to approximately 10 mL. After cooling, the digestion solution was transferred into a 25 mL-colorimetric tube, and made up its volume with water. An aliquot (5.0 mL) was placed in a 25 mL-colorimetric tube. 2.5 mL of hydrochloric acid and 2.5 mL of thiourea-ascorbic acid solution (prepared by dissolving 10 g of thiourea and 10 g of ascorbic acid in 100 mL of water) were added, settling for 15 min at room temperature, and the mixture was made its volume up with water, in which arsenic was determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. As shown by the results, linear relationship between the corresponding fluorescence value and mass concentration of arsenic was kept within 20 μg·L−1, with detection limit (3.143s) of 0.006 mg·kg−1. Six parallel analysis were conducted on the certified reference materials of marine organisms, and the determined average values of arsenic were all within the uncertainty range of the certified values, with the relative errors in the range of −2.4%−14%. Test for recovery was made on the actual samples of marine organisms, giving results in the range of 106%−108%. Six parallel analysis were conducted on the actual samples of two types of marine organisms, and RSDs of the determined values were 3.0% and 3.8% respectively. This method was compared with the second method of GB 5009.11—2014, microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and it was shown by the results of F-test and t-test that there was no significant difference between the two methods.

       

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