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    固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水环境中47种抗生素的含量

    Simultaneous Determination of 47 Antibiotics in Water Environment by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Solid Phase Extraction

    • 摘要: 通过优化水样酸度、固相萃取柱类型、流动相水相、柱温等试验条件,提出了题示方法同时测定水环境中18种磺胺类、16种喹诺酮类、9种大环内酯类以及4种四环素类等47种抗生素的含量。取水样1 000 mL,过0.7 μm玻璃纤维滤膜,同时洗涤滤膜。合并滤液和洗涤液,用盐酸调节混合液酸度至pH 2.0±0.5,加入0.5 g乙二胺四乙酸二钠和含13C6-磺胺甲唑、二诺氟沙星-d5质量浓度均为1 000 μg·L−1的回收率指示物混合溶液30 μL,以约5 mL·min−1流量过活化好的HLB固相萃取柱,用10 mL水淋洗。氮吹20 min后以12 mL甲醇、10 mL体积比1∶1的丙酮和甲醇混合溶液依次洗脱。合并洗脱液,真空浓缩至近干,以20 μL 1 000 μg·L−1阿特拉津-d5内标溶液和体积比8∶2的1.0%(体积分数,下同)甲酸溶液和乙腈的混合溶液1 mL溶解残渣,过0.22 μm滤膜,滤液采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析。47种抗生素在Shim-pack GIST C18色谱柱上以1.0%甲酸溶液和体积比1∶1的甲醇和乙腈混合溶液组成的流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式电离,多反应监测模式检测,内标法定量。结果显示:47种抗生素的质量浓度均在10.0~200 ng·L−1内和抗生素峰面积与内标峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3.143s)为0.100~0.400 ng·L−1;按照标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为75.0%~115%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于15%;方法用于杭州市区典型城市河道22个监测点位水样的分析,检出了32种抗生素,最高检出量为138 ng·L−1,高检出量抗生素多分布于人口密集区的监测点位。

       

      Abstract: By optimizing test conditions including water sample acidity, solid phase extraction column type, aqueous phase of mobile phase, and column temperature, the method mentioned by the title was proposed for simultaneous determination of 47 antibiotics in water environment, including 18 sulfonamides, 16 quinolones, 9 macrolides, and 4 tetracyclines. The 1 000 mL of water sample was taken, and passed through a 0.7 μm glass fiber membrane. The filter membrane was washed, and the washing solution and the filtrate were combined. The mixed solution was acidified to pH 2.0±0.5 with hydrochloric acid, followed by addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (0.5 g) and 30 μL of recovery indicator mixed solution containing 13C6-sulfamethoxazole and difloxacin-d5 with the same mass concentration of 1 000 μg · L−1. The mixed solution was loaded onto activated HLB solid phase extraction column at flow rate of approximately 5 mL · min−1. After washing with 10 mL of water, blowing by nitrogen for 20 min, and eluting sequentially with 12 mL of methanol and 10 mL of mixed solution of acetone and methanol at volume ratio of 1∶1, the eluates were combined and concentrated to near dryness in vacuum. The residue was reconstituted in 20 μL of 1 000 μg·L−1 atrazine-d5 internal solution and 1 mL of mixed solution of 1.0% (volume fraction, the same below) formic acid solution and acetonitrile at volume ratio of 8∶2. The mixed solution was passed through a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the filtrate was analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The 47 antibiotics were separated on Shim-pack GIST C18 column using gradient elution with mobile phases consisting of 1.0% formic acid solution and mixed solution of methanol and acetonitrile at volume ratio of 1∶1, ionized by electrospray ion source in positive mode, and detected by multiple reaction monitoring mode, with internal standard method for quantification. It was shown that linear relationships between the mass concentrations of 47 antibiotics and peak area ratios of antibiotics to internal standard were kept in the range of 10.0-200 ng·L−1, with detection limits (3.143s) in the range of 0.100-0.400 ng · L−1. Test for recovery was made by the standard addition method, giving recoveries in the range of 75.0%-115%, with RSDs (n=6) of the determined values below 15%. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of 22 water samples from typical urban river monitoring sites in Hangzhou City, 32 antibiotics were detected with maximum detection amount of 138 ng · L−1, and antibiotics with high detection amounts were predominantly found at monitoring sites in densely populated areas.

       

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