Abstract: NIR transmission spectrometry and NIR diffuse reflection spectrometry were used in the rapid analysis of milk for its nutritive components,e.g.protein,fat,lactose and etc.Differences of the results obtained by the two methods were analyzed and a compound NIR spectrometric method by combining the two modes of NIR spectrometric technique was proposed for the determination of main components in milk.As shown by the experimental results,the predictive precision of the analytical results of the components in milk in the multivariate regression analysis was predominantly improved,by the application of the compound NIR spectrometry.