Introduction and Application of Main Pretreatment Methods for Detection of Pesticide Residues in Grain

Pretreatment methods including of solid phase extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and QuEChERS, as well as new nanocomposites including magnetic nanomaterials, moleculorly imprinted polymers and carbon nanotube-based composites, and their advantages and disadvantages, working principles, research status and future development directions in the detection of pesticide residues in grain were introduced (61 references cited). It was suggested that: 1 appropriate pretreatment methods should be selected according to matrix types, instrument types and detection requirements in response to low pesticide residues, various types of grain and complex matrix of grain; 2 the pretreatment methods used for the detection of pesticides in grain had their own advantages and disadvantages, and different pretreatment methods could be used in combination.