Page 135 - 理化检验-化学分册2025年第三期
P. 135
刘天宇,等:衍生化在脂肪酸质谱分析中的应用研究进展
生化原理与应用。对FAs进行衍生化前处理是提高 [2] KAZAZ S,MIRAY R,LEPINIEC L,et al. Plant
色谱性能、检测灵敏度、选择性和定量精度的有效方 monounsaturated fatty acids:Diversity,biosynthesis,
法。衍生化与质谱检测技术的结合,借助质谱的高 functions and uses[J]. Progress in Lipid Research,2022,
分辨率,显著扩大了FAs的检测范围。根据不同的 85:101138.
[3] BEALE D J,PINU F R,KOUREMENOS K A,et al.
质谱检测方法,制定对应的衍生化策略对FAs的分
Review of recent developments in GC-MS approaches
析至关重要。此外,针对FAs的分析不仅仅局限于
to metabolomics-based research[J]. Metabolomics:
食品范围的油脂检验,在生物样本中的应用同样广 Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society,2018,
泛,如血浆、粪便、尿液、肝脏等。对其FAs成分、含 14(11):152.
量和结构进行定性定量分析,有助于区分、识别样本 [4] BOTTA R,CHINDAUDON P,EIAMCHAI P,et al.
来源,为公安机关打击犯罪提供指导。 Detection and classification of volatile fatty acids using
衍生化在质谱分析FAs的方法中被广泛应用, surface-enhanced Raman scattering and density functional
theory calculations[J]. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy,
衍生化能够提高目标物的挥发性、电离效率,并减
2019,50(12):1817-1828.
少基质效应,有助于研究人员对FAs结构进行推
[5] ROBERT C,BAIN W E,CRAIGIE C,et al. Fusion of
断。结合GC-MS分析时,通常采用甲酯化和硅烷
three spectroscopic techniques for prediction of fatty acid
化等衍生化方法使目标物的沸点降低、挥发性增强; in processed lamb[J]. Meat Science,2023,195:109005.
与GC-MS不同的是,LC-MS和CE-MS不受样品挥 [6] WANG L,SUN D W,PU H B,et al. Quality analysis,
发性影响,因此具有更高的分辨率和灵敏度;此外, classification,and authentication of liquid foods by near-
MSI还可以提供可视化的结构信息。目前主流的衍 infrared spectroscopy:A review of recent research
生化方法是引入正电荷改善FAs的电离效率。 developments[J]. Critical Reviews in Food Science and
Nutrition,2017,57(7):1524-1538.
虽然衍生化处理为质谱分析带来了很多便利,
[7] CRAIGIE C R,JOHNSON P L,SHORTEN P R,et al.
但它也存在一些问题,如时间耗费较长,同时衍生化
Application of hyperspectral imaging to predict the pH,
过程中还会产生一些副产物,这些都可能影响检验
intramuscular fatty acid content and composition of lamb
的准确度。同位素标记衍生化试剂的开发与引入, M. longissimus lumborum at 24 h post mortem[J]. Meat
有助于实现复杂基质中FAs的定量以及生物样本中 Science,2017,132:19-28.
FAs的覆盖深度。为了满足法庭科学领域对复杂、 [8] LIN Q S,DONG X L,LUO J M,et al. Electrochemical
痕量样品的检验以及非靶向筛查的需要,需要开发 pretreatment enhancing co-fermentation of waste
选择性好、反应效率高的新型衍生化试剂,以实现绿 activated sludge and food waste into volatile fatty acids:
Performance,microbial community dynamics and
色化学的需要,简化反应步骤并提高反应效率和稳
metabolism[J]. Bioresource Technology,2022,361:
定性。
127736.
质谱分析朝向高分辨率发展已经成为必然趋 [9] ZENG Q,ZAN F X,HAO T W,et al. Sewage sludge
势。面对庞大的分析数据,研究人员运用数学模型 digestion beyond biogas:Electrochemical pretreatment
优化试验条件,缩短时间并提高效率。基于FAs结 for biochemicals[J]. Water Research,2022,208:117839.
构与含量信息,改进基于深度学习的分类识别算法 [10] PRETORIUS B,SCHÖNFELDT H C. Cholesterol,
能够使研究人员更准确地对油脂进行分类,使分析 fatty acids profile and the indices of atherogenicity and
结果更加高效、直观。同位素标记化学修饰法与计 thrombogenicity of raw lamb and mutton offal[J]. Food
Chemistry,2021,345:128868.
算代谢物鉴定相结合可能是未来新化合物鉴定的有
[11] HEWAVITHARANA G G,PERERA D N,
效方法,有望对于FAs的结构分析产生推动作用。
NAVARATNE S B,et al. Extraction methods of fat
参考文献: from food samples and preparation of fatty acid methyl
esters for gas chromatography:A review[J]. Arabian
[1] KUTZNER L,OSTERMANN A I,KONRAD Journal of Chemistry,2020,13(8):6865-6875.
T,et al. Lipid class specific quantitative analysis [12] GALVAN D,TANAMATI A A C,CASANOVA
of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in food F,et al. Compact low-field NMR spectroscopy
supplements[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food and chemometrics applied to the analysis of edible
Chemistry,2017,65(1):139-147. oils[J]. Food Chemistry,2021,365:130476.
• 369 •

